Franz Lindenmayr / Mensch und Höhle
Das Wortfeld
"cave" - zusammengesetzte Ausdrücke / composed expressions
Es wurde immer nur eine Erwähnung aus einer Publikation aufgenommen. / Only one quotation per publication, with a few exceptions.
"Language never fits geography." Derekt Walcott
"The words which make up human language are inadequate for those who venture into the depth of the Earth." Jules Verne, Journey to the Centre of the Earth
Die meistverwendeten Formen werden ab 3 Zitaten mit XXX gekennzeichnet
adventure cave tour | "One consequence of the development of adventure cave tours has been to blur the use of the terms show cave and tourist cave." Crane, Cave 186 |
adventure caving | "A number of show caves around the world have now extended their activities to include adventure caving in some form." Crane, Cave 195 |
animal cave | "Animal caves (Cryptae Brutales) are dens of lions, wolves, bears, snakes and dragons, among others." Kempe, Kircher 61 |
anti-solo caving concept | "The anti-solo caving concempt has been carried to its logical conclusion in at least one instance where the managers concluded that if two are safer and better than one, then three, four or five must be increasingly better than two." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 21 |
bedding plane cave | "Ogof Craig-A-Ffynnon...Beyond is 800ft of bedding plane cave and a long phreatic tunnel ending in a three dimenional maze of passages." Stratford, South Wales 21 |
bone cave |
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borderline cave |
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burial cave | "According to Christian tradition, Jesus was entombed in a burial cave belonging to Joseph of Arimathea prior to his resurrection." Crane, Cave 147 |
cathedral cave |
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cave |
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cave's content | "The writing review, especially travel reports of the explorers, sailors and scientists indicate that with the years the caves' content was getting poorer as the artistic objects appeared to be a tasty morsel." Ciszewski, Easter Island 41 |
cave's extentivness | "He hoped to increase the Crystal Cave's value with an expedition that showed the cave's extentiveness." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 105 |
cave's exterior | "In this painting we see Turner's 'grand vision of the landscape of the cave's experior, of Staffa's cliffs, of its sea and sky'." Crane, Cave 115 |
cave's fault | "In the cave's vault there are holes through which the sky can be observed." Ciszewski, Easter Island 32 |
cave's food delivery service | "Woodrats are an important part of the cave's food delivery service, they go above ground to eat fruit, nuts, seeds, leaves, and fungi and bring some of this food back in the cave." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 49 |
cave's furnishings | "Roggeven...Her described the observation on the cave's furnishings." Ciszewski, Easter Island 26 |
cave's geology | "Hovey...Being a scientist, he extensively described the cave's geology and biology." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 197 |
cave's healing power | "By January 1843, fifteen to twenty patients lived in the cave, waiting for the cave's healing powers to cure them." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 91 |
cave's length | "It has a total length of 54 m to be added to the cave's length." Kempe, Galapagos 156 |
cave's name | "There are various suggestions for the origin of the cave's name." Oldham, Scotland 54 |
cave's reponse | "Paradiese Ice Cave...But at least our studies have revealed something of the cave's response to cycles of snowfall und produced a base for future studies there." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 33 |
cave's roof | "However, in these cases, these later flows are in part forming the cave's roof with the primary roof missing." Kempe, Galapagos 149 |
cave's shaft | "The second cave's shaft is a little deeper." Ciszewski, Easter Island 32 |
caves-"workshops" | "Alfred Metraux quotes the information written by Felipe Gonzalez (1970) about caves inhabited by the locals and caves-"workshops" wihich were producing bone or obsidian ware." Ciszewski, Easter Island 25 |
cave accident | "Hubert Kessler is the person who suffered the first registered cave accident in year 1921." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 54 |
cave action | "Warning: This book contains cave action beyond crawling." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 180 |
cave air |
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cave animal |
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cave archeologist | "British cave archeologist Edmund J. Mason explains his own attraction to searching out new territory underground in hias book Caves and Caving in Britain." Crane, Cave 66 |
cave archeology |
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cave area |
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cave art |
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cave artist | "Als John Canady explains, 'Where the natural rock is either convex or concave in form suggesting an animal's body or a portion of it, the cave artist frequently capitalized on this form as a beginning and adapted his drawing to its contours." Crane, Cave 109 |
cave art site | "In North America cave are sites are spread across the western states, the Southwest, the Midwest and the south-eastern states." Crane, Cave 110 |
cave atmosphere |
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cave bat | "The earliest surveys of cave fauna from Wombeyan Caves were probably those in the late 1950s and 60s by scientists such as Elery Hamilton-Smith and Barbara Dew who were primarily studying cave bats." Ellis, Wombeyan 121 |
cave bear bones | "Esper who found them together with cave bear bones in Gailenreuth in 1771." Shaw, cave science 226 |
cave beast | "The main character sees the worst possible result of wandering away from your tour at Mammoth Cave when he gets lost und meets a scary cave beast." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 185 |
cave beetle | "Crickets provide most of the guano eaten in Mammoth Cave, though critters also eat guano from cave beetles, bats, and woodrats." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 32 |
cave biologist | "Troglobiont..this term is popular with cave biologists." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 31 |
cave bone | "Important collections of cave bones were also formed in the 18th and 19th century." Shaw, cave science 241 |
cave burial | "The cave burials indicate that the bodies wrapped up in mats were at first exposed to the "mumifying" action of the atmospheric conditions and then brought into the caves." Ciszewski, Easter Island 44 |
cave calcite | "It used to be thought that the brown colouration of cave calcite was due to iron, but this has been shown to be incorrect: the colour is mainly organic." Ellis, Wombeyan 73 |
cave cartographer | "Ghosh explains tht 'People open the book accoding to their taste and training, their memories and desires. for a geologist the compilation opens at one page, for a biologist another, and still another for an archaeologist, a cave cartographer and so on." Crane, Cave 36 |
cave catalogue | "In 1896 W.S.Blatchley, the Director of this Survey, published his 91-page Indiana Caves and their Fauna, a forerunner of the many regional cave catalogues issued by the state surveys of the present day." Shaw, cave science 243 |
cave ceiling | "The large fallen blocks in the bottom of the Opera House and the Cathedral have fallen from the cave ceiling before they were filed with sediment and planed flat by paragenesis." Ellis, Wombeyan 67 |
cave chamber | "On a hot summer night with insects singing from the street trees, Szabolcs and I slipped through a gap in a heavy steel gate, unlocked a door set into bedrock, followed a tunnel that had been blasted into the limestone, and emerged in a flooded cave chamber below the city." McFarland, Underland 199 |
cave church |
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cave community |
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cave connection | "The cave connection to health goes back a long time." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 96 |
cave conservation |
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cave continuation | "This is what we had all been hoping for - a dry cave continuation of unknown length, and of course somewhere where the cumbersome diving gear could be dumped while exploring." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 9 |
cave coral | "The walls and speleothems are covered in cave coral that have included in their structure bluegreen and pink cyanobacteria." Ellis, Wombeyan 51 |
cave country | "High-tech methods are used in cave-country to find voids that could influence where to build heavy structures." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 108 |
cave crayfish | "This ability makes it possible for cave crayfish to be in any aquatic community in the cave, from rimstone pools at upper levels to the lowest base-level streams." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 36 |
cave cricket |
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cave critter | "It's time to bring cave critters out of the dark." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 31 |
cave crustacea | "Pitnam did not believe that the blindness and tactile acuteness of cave crustacea were the result of adaptation of surface species." Shaw, cave science 228 |
cave curtain | "Below the Temple Cave is the Dark Cave, the largest of the Batu Caves, a 2-km network of caverns containing elaborate formations such as cave curtains, flow stones, cave pearls and scallops; it, too, is open to the public." Crane, Cave 156 |
cave dark zone | "George Crothers, P. Willey and Patty Jo Watson remind us, 'no ancient people ever actually inhabited cave dark zones', though they did use them 'as storage locales, depositories for the dead of places to contact the spirit world." Crane, Cave 149 |
cave database | "Cave databases listed caves that were clearly small fragments of a larger relict drainage system as distinct, separate caves." Crane, Cave 38 |
cave decoration | "When cave decorations are added to a marble background the display is magnificent." Ellis, Wombeyan 40 |
cave-dependence | "Guano-dependence is a separate issue to cave-dependance, however there are species tht are restricted to guano deposits and caves." Ellis, Wombeyan 125 |
cave-dependent | "Troglobites and stygobites are collectively described as cave-dependent fauna." Ellis, Wombeyan 121 |
cave deposit |
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cave depth | "While traces of prehistoric journeys into cave depths can only tell us partial stories, the distinctive experience of 'being-in-a-cave' suggests that Stone Age cave visitors had something in common with today's explorers." Crane, Cave 69 |
cave description |
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cave development |
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cave diameter |
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cave discovery | "The presence of military garrisons provided opportunities for local exploration in certain districts and they were responsible for some cave discoveries in Australia and Gibraltar." Shaw, cave science 60 |
cave dive | "Beyond the 300-metre mark of the sump no silt is deposited, and Cocklebiddy treats us again to the brillant visibility and while walls of other Nullarbor cave dives." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 9 |
cave diver |
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cave diving | "While such statements are common in tales of cave exploration, they are ubiquitous in accounts of cave diving - unquestionalbly the most dangerous way to explore the earth's wild places." Crane, Cave 85 |
cave-diving expeditions | "A series of ambitious cave-diving expeditions in the last eight years have discovered sumps of enormous size, length and clarity, in several caves." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 3 |
cave diving record | "The current world cave-diving record is held by Australians in Cocklebiddy Cave - 2,000 metres along a single straight tunnel with no end yet in sight." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 3 |
cave diving team | "Two members of a cave-diving team, Wes Skiles and Agnes Milkowka, who in 2008 ventured into the 'scientific trove' of the blue hole of the Bahamas on a research expedition funded by National Geographic, have since died in diving accidents." Crane, Cave 87 |
cave dog | "No robots, no cave dogs - just you, your gear, and your fellow cavers." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 101 |
cave dragon | "The good lady at the restaurant acts the part of the old-fashioned cave dragon, and he had to appease her by handing over four sous as a preliminary to exploration." Balch, Glacières 10 |
cave drip | "Two caves have been chosen as study sites due to ease of access to acitve cave drips and the presence of broken fossil stalagmites." Ellis, Wombeyan 77 |
cave dripwater | "This illustrates the large storage capacity of the bedrock, and the importance of matrix flow paths in the maintenance of cave dripwater discharge and, in turn, the precipitation of calcite, during dry spells." Ellis, Wombeyan 80 |
cave dweller |
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cave-dwelling | "Araiteuru is a cave-dwelling taniwha associated with the Hokianga harbour." Crane, Cave 105 |
cave earwigs | "Deer Cave...The alternative route is up over guano-covered, very exposed ledges crawling with cave earwigs, followed by a scramble through pinnacles down to the beach." Brook, Waltham, Mulu part 1, 3 |
cave ecology | "Whether or not they have commercial significance, they are an integral part of the cave ecology." Ellis, Wombeyan 134 |
cave ecosystem | "However, there is still much to be learned about obligate cave fauna, nutrient cycling, and cave ecosystems dynamics." Engel, Microbes 22 |
cave employee | "Cave employee by day, pro-wrestling fan by night, Johnny Merideth saw a man he thought looked like wrestler Jim Cornette at the visitor center bookstore around 2010." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 206 |
cave entrance |
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cave environment |
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cave episode | "By far the most famous cave episode in American literature is found in Mark Twain's The Adventure of Tom Sawyer." Crane, Cave 140 |
cave experience |
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cave expert |
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cave exploit | "They were about to explore Peg Leg Pot, a cave discovered by a well-known northern caver, Dick Hilton, a member of the NPC noted for his caving exploits, which he achieved with an artificial leg, having left the original in Italy." Eyre, Cave Explorers 46 |
cave exploration |
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cave explorer |
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cave exploring |
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cave exploring society | "Conferences devoted entirely to the history of cave studies include one at Vienna in 1979 to mark the formation of the earliest cave exploring society one hundred years before." Shaw, cave science 4 |
cave fauna |
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cave fear | "The tale takes advantage of three common cave fears - being caught in total darkness, getting lost, and coming across dangerous animals that lurk in the dark." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 185 |
cave fish |
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cave floor |
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cave flora | "The characteristics of cave flora are altogether different to those of the specialised fauna." Shaw, cave science 228 |
cave formation |
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cave furniture | "In the past the walls and floors of caves have been damaged by the passage of visitors and my the installation of cave furniture and lights." Ellis, Wombeyan 41 |
cave gazetteer | "The lengthy geographical list of bone caves forms one of the mearliest significant cave gazetteers, but it does contain some careless factual errors." Shaw, cave science 244 |
cave gear |
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cave geology | "In recounting the legend of Pool the robber Hobbes appears to offer an implicit rejection of the approbation of cave geology by mythology and folklore." Crane, Cave 95 |
cave god | "Hijau Lubang...Once more the cave god smiled, however, and provided a road along a wide ledge for 45 meters acoross the walls of the pit." Brook, Waltham, Mulu part 1, S. 5 |
cave group | "Another very early cave group was the Section Küstenland des Deutschen und Österreichischen Alpenvereins." Shaw, cave science 247 |
cave guide |
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cave guidebook | "John Hutton's A Tour to the Caves, in the environs of Ingleborough and Settle, in the West-Riding of Yorkshire, published in 1780, is one of the earliest cave guidebooks." Crane, Cave 160 |
cave habitat |
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cave history | "Scallops...Their ability to show both flow speed and direction makes scallops an extremely useful tool in reconstructiong cave history." Ellis, Wombeyan 67 |
cave house | "Two of the six figurines illustrate dwellings carved out of underground cavities. the village of Cliff-Dwellers in Colorado and cave houses in the Sierra del Guadix, in Almeria (Spain). Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 105 |
cave hunter |
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cave hunting |
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cave hydrology |
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cave image | "As Michael Ray Taylor succinctly puts it, 'Cave images and anecdotes permeate world mythology." Crane, Cave 90 |
cave imaginery |
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cave-in | "It is not the place for sponsored walks, cave-ins, or sit-ins." Oldham, Scotland xi |
cave interest | "Despite the cave interests of several 19th century arvhaoeloogical and natural history societies, none of them developed into a club concerned with the broad aspects of cave study and exploration." Shaw, cave science 246 |
cave interior |
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cave invertebrate | "This means that most cave invertebrates rely on external food sources where the food webs are based on bacteria that do not need light to survive, but these are not known at Wombeyan." Ellis, Wombeyan 122 |
cave investigation | "This was followed up in 1876 by an unsuccessful attempt to organise cave investigations in all the Australian colonies." Shaw, cave science 60 |
cave lair | "The man-cub Mowgli is adopted and brought up by the Wolf family in their cave lair in Rudyard Kiplings' The Jungle Book." Crane, Cave 123 |
cave lake | "Nullabor Plain..Most of these cave lakes have been visited infrequently by white men over the past 100 years, and three of them have had pumps installed for stock water supplies." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 4 |
cave landmark |
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cave life |
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cave-like |
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cave line | "On 8 January 2005, Shaw died at a depth of 270 m, connected to dreyer's headless body by the taut cave line in which he had become entangled." Crane, Cave 87 |
cave literature |
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cave locality | "At Wombeyan, the caves are developed in marble rather than limestone so what we see both at the surface and in the caves can be different from what is seen at other cave localities." Ellis, Wombeyan 55 |
cave location | "We also try to prevent publication of cave locations in anything intended für the general public." Tom Rea on, 26 |
cave lover | "Troglophile - an animal that may live its entire life in a cave but can also live above ground or in a cavelike habitat. The term literally means "cave lover." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities31 |
cave management specialist | "Mike wiles, the cave management specialist at Jewel Cave, shared his story." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 15 |
cave man image | "The popular notion that modern-day humans descend from the 'cave-man' imagines such sites as precursors to houses and other buildings." Crane, Cave 69 |
cave map |
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cave mapping | "The celebrated scientist und speleologist Arthur N. Palmer identifies cave mapping as an 'essential skill for any speleologist' and 'the first step in obtaining quantitative data about caves." Crane, Cave 37 |
cave memorabilia | "Or maybe woodrats are like some human Mammoth Cave enthusiasts - curious critters that collect cave memorabilia." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 51 |
cavemen |
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cave metaphor |
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cave microbe | "Cave and karst microbes were thought to be a subset of surface microbes flushed into caves from meteoric drip waters, surface streams and air currents, or carried into the caves by animals." Engel, Microbes 23 |
cave microbial community | "Consequently, the genetic diversity of cave and karst microbial communities may be particularly important to characterize and understand microbial species and ecotype concepts because of the global distribution of caves having similar hysico-chemical constraints from cave zone to cave zone, and frm cave to cave in different regions." Engel, Microbes 23 |
cave microflora | "Cave microflora - the microscopic bacteria and funghi that live and often thrive in limestone caves- comprise a considerable proportion of the overall cavebiota, but they often overworked as signifikant karst life-forms." Ellis, Wombeyan 133 |
cave micro-organism | "Two specific examples of cave micro-organisms with potential commercial interest are cited by Steele." Ellis, Wombeyan 134 |
cave mineral |
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cave mining operation | "In 1814, Mammoth Cave manager Archibald Miller wrote to slave owner John Hendrick about a slave leased to work in the cave mining operation." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 95 |
cave mouth |
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cave mushroom | "In the largest of these caves, known since Roman times and used for the extraction of stones, since 1970 the champignon-type cave mushroom have been cultivated." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 113 |
cave network |
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cave nitrate | "From the 1900s-1940s, many cave deposits were considered to have a microbiological origin, even if researchers could not prove it until more recently, including cave nitrate (saltpeter or saltpetre) deposits, carbonate moonmilk, and other speleothems." Engel, Microbes 23 |
cave opening |
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cave organisation leader | "The fact that the list is so short might indicate that solo caving is insignificant, if it were not for the fact that practically the entire list of solo cavers are people who are respected for their accomplishments in caving and include a number of well-known cave organisation leaders." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 20 |
cave overhang | "At the cave entrance, conditions most resemble the surface, but the cave overhang provides protection from the sun and weather." Ellis, Wombeyan 121 |
cave owner |
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cave owner committee | "We have a cave owners committee which is supposed to do this sort of work, but no one is willing to take on the job, so the job is vacant." Tom Rea on, 26 |
cave painting |
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cave passage |
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cave pearl |
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cave people | "We don't know what they used gypsum for, but making paint und plaster are ancient uses for gypsum, so the Mammoth Cave people may have been doing that." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 73 |
cave personnel | "In addition, it appears that cave personnel should be rotated with surface occupations in some instance in order to reduce exposures." Gamble, Alpha-Radiation 254 |
cave phenomen | "They did not usually contain any new explanations of cave phenomena but, by recording a mass of information in a way in which it could be used, they did form an important step in the progressive knowledge of the region concerned." Shaw, cave science 245 |
cave petroglyph site | "The main cave petroglyph sites occur in four karst areas across southern Australia. near Pearth, the Nullabor Plain, Mount Gambier and Buchan." Crane, Cave 113 |
cave photographer | "Pioneering underwater cave photographers Wes Skiles and Jull Heinerth have taken the art of underwater photography and cinematography to levels that few could have imagined even as recently as the beginning of this century." Crane, Cave 123 |
cave photography | "Cave photography was utilised quit early in Australia." Shaw, cave science 61 |
cave plan | "Oliver Trickett...He produced innumerable cave plans and maps of cave areas between 1897 and 1919 and, besides publishing lengthy reports of official publicatons." Shaw, cave science 61 |
cave poem | "The myriad ways caves have been used, literally and metaphorically, in literature over more than a millenium are succinctly captured in three 'cave poems': Coleridge's 'Kubla Khan', W. H. Auden's 'In Praise of Limestone' and Robert Penn Warren's 'Speleology'." Crane, Cave 127 |
cave population | "Under these conditions, surface populations becave extinct while cave populations persisted and adapted to the cave environment." Ellis, Wombeyan 121 |
cave potential | "Several other caves were explored, and we decided to return the following year to explore the cave potential on the Plateau de Thusac aove Archianne, which held the promise of deep caves." Eyre, Cave Explorers 86 |
cave prospecting | "Cave prospecting in the dense forstes of New Guinea is much slower than in the open alpine limestone of Europe and North America, and hence expeditions to date have still largeley only scratched the surface." Montgomery, Atea Expeditions 7 |
cave publication | "Their specialist cave publications not only increased the amount of speleological material published but it made it more readily available to the people who had an immediate interest in it." Shaw, cave science 246 |
cave racer | "In Malaysia, where caves have a warm, snake-friendly temperature, snakes called cave racers do live deep in caves, where they eat bats and swiftlets." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 57 |
cave radiation level | "To date investigation of cave radiation levels has been very limited." Gamble, Alpha-radiation 255 |
cave refuge | "Englert distinguished also the caves-refuges whe the fugitives were hiding during intertribal war." Ciszewski, Easter Island 31 |
cave region | "If you want a quick cave, there's Diamond Caverns, it's well lit, it's in the cave region." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 112 |
cave research |
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cave residence | "Robinson Crusoe...Indeed he feels so secure after discovering his second cave residence, his vaulted 'Retreat', that he 'fancy'd (him)self now like one of the ancient Giants, which are said to live in Caves and Holes in the Rocks, where one could come at them." Crane, Cave 134 |
cave rescue |
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cave rescue accident | "Later in 1932 a cave rescue accident was the reason to establish the first Rescue Society of Counties and Cities." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 54 |
cave rescue attempt | "By this time the alarm had been raised above ground, and what was at the time one of the largest cave-rescue attempts in history began." McFarlane, Underland 42 |
cave rescue equipment | "More than 50 presentations concerning cave-rescue equipment, problems, methodology, first aid, rescue training, accident origin statistics and cave rescue organisations were given." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 56 |
cave rescue operation | "The first recognized cave rescue operation in Hungary was in 1927." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 54 |
cave rescue organisation |
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cave rescue team | "Cave rescue teams were called out." Eyre, Jim (1981): The Cave Explorers, The Stalactite Press, Calgary 67 |
cave rescue warden | "Remain at the phone until you are contacted by a Cave Rescue Warden" Stratford, South Wales 7 |
cave rescuer | "The Romanian cave rescuers and he HCRS were alerted at 2 p.m.." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 56 |
cave rocky relief | "Speleogens, also called cave rocky relief, are smallscale solution sculptures that develop on the walls, ceilings and floors of caves." Ellis, Wombeyan 67 |
cave roof |
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cave room | "Samples from the cave rooms called Methodist Church and Violet City show that it has been about 2.27 million years since the large sediments were washed into thos areas." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 9 |
caver parlance | "Perhaps most importantly, a hole or fissure in rock so small to admit a human body is not a cave; in caver parlance it does not 'go', but for scientists it may turn out to be a 'protocave' if hydrological or geological processes widen the cave to allow human entry." Crane, Cave 10 |
cave salamander |
"Reddish orange with dark spots, the cave salamander begins life in
the water." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 40
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cave scene |
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cave scholarship | "William Buckland, who wrote the first great classic of British speleology, would have had no sense of himself as a member of a community of cave explorers or scientists, nor would he have thought of his research first and foremost in relation to a tradition of cave scholarship." Crane, Cave 28 |
cave science |
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cave science historian | "For the cave science historian Trevor Shaw, Baron Valvasor was the 'first true speleologist' for both the fullness of his descriptions an dhis original observation that caves and subterranean waterways are parts of a larger hydrological system." Crane, Cave 27 |
cave scientist |
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cave section | "Only the Wells Archaeological and Natural Society had a specialist cave section, the Mendip Nature Research Committee, and this was not created until 1906." Shaw, cave science 246 |
cave sediment | "Another important source for cave sediments is dust in the air." Ellis, Wombeyan 64 |
cave setting | "In some shallow cave settings, including in lava tubes, plant roots ("rootsiscles") can also penetrate cave passages or aquifers, which can have richt (micro)biota." Engel, Microbes 24 |
cave shaft |
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cave-shaped | "These cavities are cave-shaped and have a crystal lining up to 100 mm thick." Ellis, Wombeyan 64 |
cave shrimp | "The endangered Kentucky cave shrimp lives only in the Mammoth Cave area in base-level streams and pools." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 38 |
cave shrine |
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cave silt | "Even the brown pigment of cave silt is attributable to the bacterial oxidation of ferrous ions to geothite." Ellis, Wombeyan 133 |
cave site |
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cave situation | "A number of guidelines relevant to the cave situation may be extracted from the uranium mines recommendations." Gamble, Alpha-radiation 255 |
cave size | "Wollondilly Cave...Due to the caves size and vertical range, the drips being studied provide good spacial distribution and exhibit a range of flow regimes." Ellis, Wombeyan 77 |
cave society | "The earliest cave society of all was the Höhlenclub of Appenzell in eastern Switzerland, which existed in the early 1860s." Shaw, cave science 247 |
cave soil | "Cave soils and surfaces are often rather oligotrophic (nutrient poor) and actinomycetes are very well adapted to this type of environment." Ellis, Wombeyan 133 |
cave species | "Both these and the other cave species needed in the laboratory were obtained from nearby caves and in 1903 the university bought the land containing Farm Cave." Shaw, cave science 242 |
cave spider | "The communal cave spider builds a thick messy web with funnels inot which the spider retreats." Ellis, Wombeyan 122 |
cave stream |
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cave student | "A stagnation of cave air does not exist, and no cave student would pretend to say it existed." Balch,Glacières 304 |
cave study |
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cave survey |
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cave surveyor | "Cave surveyors often locate the boundary between inside and outside at the 'drip line', beyond which rain does not fall to the ground." Crane, Cave 19 |
cave swiftlet | "The junction was guarded by a two metre long snake, alive and thriving on passing cave swiftlets." Brook, D., Waltham, A.C. (1979): The Underworld of Mulu, part 2, Caving International Magazine 2, p 6 |
cave system |
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cave talk | "In cave talk, the word formation often refers to a decoration such as a stalactite, but in names such as "St. Louis Formation" it refers to a specific section of bedrock." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 9 |
cave temperature | "Cave temperatures well away from entrances reflect the mean annual surface temperature (MAT) and this, in combination with stable isotopes, has been used in previous studies to determine paleotemperatures." Ellis, Wombeyan 77 |
cave temple |
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cave tour |
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cave tourism |
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cave tour group | "In 1999, a big woman had trouble keeping up with er cave tour group, so Alan Sizemore, the guide whose job it was to bring up the rear, slowly walked her out separetely." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 206 |
cave tourist | "Curiously he also offers advice on appropriate dress, giving us a good idea of what cave tourists would have looked like as they wandered through the subterranean passages 150 years ago." Crane, Cave 162 |
cave tour route | "As of June 2015, I counted about fifty rocks that had fallen on cave tour routes." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 11 |
cave tour ticket | "While working in ticket sales in the spring of 1994, I saw a woman who looked like Karen Grassle, the actress...buy a cave tour ticket." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 204 |
cave train |
|
cave trip | "In spite of these testimonials, modern park rangers don't recommend cave trips for people with dysentery, diarrhea, or delicate health." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 96 |
cave trolls | "It was from the caverns of the Misty Mountains that the cave trolls emerged." Crane, Cave 136 |
cave tubing |
|
cave type | "This cave type is called Karava, shallow cave, not longer than 20-30 m." Ciszewski, Easter Island 37 |
cave ventilation | "Throughout the monitoring period, and in all cases, cave ventilation was slight and inwards." Gamble, Alpha-radiation 257 |
cave visit | "This was from cave visits by non-specialist travellers, whether they were visiting little known lands or merely going on a holiday or the Grand Tour of Europe." Shaw, cave science 245 |
cave visitor |
|
cave wall |
|
cave war | "Kentuckx's cave country was struck by war in the early to midtwentieth century: a cave war." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 111 |
cave water | "Such limestone is resistant to acid breakdown; instead of being dissolved by cave waters, it tends to collapse into blocks, having the effect of ponding large amounts of water and preventing further cave development." Eyre, Cave Explorers 238 |
cave work | "This chapter examines the various ways in which cave work was encouraged and disseminated - by books and publications, by museum collections and lectures, by government sponsorship and by the activities of scientific societies." Shaw, cave science 240 |
cave zone |
|
cavebiota | "Cave microflora - the microscopic bacteria and funghi that live and often thrive in limestone caves- comprise a considerable proportion of the overall cavebiota, but they often overworked as signifikant karst life-forms." Ellis, Wombeyan 133 |
caver |
|
caver's dream | "High forested limestone and high rainfall combine to make New Guinea a caver's dream." Montgomery, Atea Expeditions 7 |
caver's light | "This is the real thrill of caving - to know you are looking at something no one else has ever seen, many thousand years of evolution captured in the flash of a caver's light, a moment in time that is yours alone.." Eyre, Cave Explorers 262 |
caver artist | "Notable among these caver artists, whose work is intended to appeal to a caving subculture rather than to have resonance with a broader artistic culture, are Robin Gray and Rhian Hicks." Crane, Cave 122 |
caver education | "Caver education is difficult if the cavers don't want to be educated." Tom Rea on, 26 |
cavern |
|
cavern wall | "It is possible to establish how many times Wombeyan Creek flowed through this chamber, but cemented river gravels and red clay can be seen perched at numerous levels on the cavern wall. Ellis, Wombeyan 49 |
caving |
|
caving accident | "There have already been three fatal caving accidents in Scotland." Oldham, Scotland ix |
caving administrator | "De Joly, an acitve caver and caving administrator for over 60 years, was particularly interested in the Causses de Languedoc, wher in 1935 he discovered the Aven d'Orgnac in the Ardèche region." Crane, Cave 74 |
caving adventure | "Fortunately one of their friends knew about their earlier caving adventures and he called the Cave Rescue Service." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 55 |
caving authority | "This is now a world-famous organisation and a foremost caving authority, with volumes of research and extensive cave exploration accomplished." Eyre, Cave Explorers 96 |
caving area | "Now in the 1970 with motorways leading from every caving region to Scotland, the legions of cavers are following in the footsteps of the climbers, and discovering for themselves the advantages of Britain's most underrated caving area." Oldham, Scotland v |
caving background | "Members don't have to be expert caves, but they do need some caving background." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 105 |
caving book | "I was an avid reader of Norbert Casteret's prolific output of caving books, and determined someday to explore some of the mysterious caverns he desccribed so well." Eyre, Cave Explorers 71 |
caving career | "We managed to bring her to the surface and she finished her caving career as a happy mother a few years later." Hegedüs, cave rescue in Hungary 55 |
caving circle |
|
caving clothes | "One a.m. saw us still in wet caving clothes, having a brew at the Ingleton Transport Cafe, when we were told that Leeds University students were overdue, having gone down Peg Leg." Eyre, Cave Explorers |
caving club |
|
caving code | "However, caving is not just a set of rules to be followed, though adhering to the caving code will help." Oldham, Scotland ix |
caving community | "Most of these solo cavers are well-known in the caving community, but not all are." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 21 |
caving companion |
|
caving conditions |
|
caving courtesy | "We have published some handout brochures about caving courtesy and about cave conservation that emphasize the owners' rights and desires." Tom Rea on, 26 |
caving day | "And Mason recalls wearing 'an old turned-down trilby' (narrow-brimmed type of hat./ WIKIPEDIA) in his early caving days." Crane, Cave 73 |
caving dress | "The Bulgarian's mode of caving dress consisted only of thigh-length waders worn over ordinary clothes." Eyre, Cave Explorers 208 |
caving equipment |
|
caving expediton | "'I thought we were going on a caving expediton!' I exclaimed." Eyre, Cave Explorers 124 |
caving experience |
|
caving fraternity |
|
caving group |
|
caving history | "The most notorious story in British caving history involves a twenty-year-old Oxford philosophy student called Neill Moss." McFarlane, Underland 40 |
caving ladder | "Never climb a caving ladder in boots with hook fastenings, they always snag." Oldham, Scotland viii |
caving literature |
|
caving mate | "It was during this wild weekend that I met Wingnut's cronies: Reg Howard, who was later to prove a long-serving caving mate;..." Eyre, Cave Explorers 122 |
caving methods | "Being constantly transferred made caving difficult for me, either because I could find no team-mates or because I found the caving methods of the clubs I did join not to my taste." Courbon, PSM 22 |
caving organization |
|
caving party | "If a caving party doesn't return on time, people on surface watch can check the entrance the party used and begin rescue procedures if needed." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 107 |
caving practice | "However, although we were not getting much strenous caving practice thus far we were gradually getting used to the ridiculously hot and sticky conditions and felt it was high time we struck out into the mountains." Brook, D., Waltham, A.C. (1979): The Underworld of Mulu, part 2, Caving International Magazine 2, p 3 |
caving problem | "Against the slap-happy, carefree attitude of the eternal amateur of the forties, the modern caver is more serious and enquiring, demanding definite answers to caving problems." Eyre, Cave Explorers 263 |
caving region | "Now in the 1970 with motorways leading from every caving region to Scotland, the legions of cavers are following in the footsteps of the climbers, and discovering for themselves the advantages of Britain's most underrated caving area." Oldham, Scotland v |
caving rights | "The caving rights over Pant Mawr moor are vested in the S.W.C.C. and persons wishing to visit the cave should apply for written permission to the Hon. Secretary." Stratford, South Wales 68 |
caving scene |
|
caving situation | "Develop a list of typical caving situations where the advantages or disadvantages of solo caving are clearly demonstrated." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 21 |
caving society |
|
caving subculture | "Notable among these caver artists, whose work is intended to appeal to a caving subculture rather than to have resonance with a broader artistic culture, are Robin Gray and Rhian Hicks." Crane, Cave 122 |
caving suit | "Abyss of Trebiciano....On the walls are nineteenth-century aquatints of the region, and orange caving suits hung on pegs." McFarlane, Underland 201 |
caving supply | "He commented on the lack of what he regarded as an important caving supply: I felt most irritated by the strict application of the Anti-alcohol laws in the dry State of Kentucky." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 104 |
caving team |
|
caving technique |
|
caving thriller | "The heroine of Nevada Barr's caving thriller Blind Descent (2009) experiences the 'shock of light deprivation' deep in Lechuguilla Cave." Crane, Cave 21 |
caving trip |
|
caving vehicle | "Only two years ago the highway was finally sealed, burying forever all potholes, corrugations and bull dust along the old road - and putting to an end a long era of beaten-up or rattled-to-death caving vehicles." Lewis, Nullabor Plain 3 |
caving world | "Under the tutelagew of he father of modern French cave exploration, Norbert Casteret, Loubens led numerous mid twentieth-century explorations in the Pyrenees, which were at that time considered 'the Himalayas' of the caving world." McFarlane, Underland 193 |
cemetery cave | "One cemetery cave near Ahu Akahana was also examined." Ciszewski, Easter Island 44 |
central cave | "These central caves are not the only virtual caves." Kempe, Kircher 61 |
cliff cave | "Cliff caves are those where the entrance is at the base or in the side of a cliff." Balch,Glacières 120 |
commercial cave |
|
drainage cavern | "Remnants of fossil drainage cavern in the ice were easily observed there." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 31 |
dripstone cave | "The eponymous hero of Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is lost in a dripstone cave with Becky Thatcher." Crane, Cave 123 |
embryo cave | "At this time the embryo cave would have lain deeper in the marble than at present, where the ceiling is only some eight meters below the surface." Ellis, Wombeyan 41 |
facsimile cave |
"To protect the paintings from further damage caused by years of
heavy visitor traffic...both caves have been closed to the public with
facsimile caves built nearby - Lascaux II and Altamira II - affording
visitors a vivid impression of both the prehistoric artwork and the
original grottoes themselvers." Crane, Cave 108![]() |
family cave | "Katherine Routledge....She found out that some locals had forgotten where were situated the hidden entrances of the family caves." Ciszewski, Easter Island 21 |
final cave | "Thus, these passages, if they are not filled by lava surges, generally form low mazes near the ceiling of the final cave." Kempe, Galapagos 150 |
glacier cave |
|
glacier ice cave | "During a rather protracted stay a Saas-Fee in Switzerland, I visited the glacier ice cave of the Fee Glacier on the 15th and 16th of August, 1897, both cool and rainy days." Balch,Glacières 69 |
glacière cave | "The entrances of glacière caves also vary greatly in their dimensions." Balch,Glacières 121 |
glyph cave | "Exploration of Mud Glyph Cave in Tennessee (in the 1980s) and other glyph caves in the southern Appalachians revealed the dark zone to be the scene of prehistoric ceremonial acitivity and suggested that ceremonial decoration of cave walls in the southeastern United States was practiced for several thousand years, from the Late Archaic through the early historic periods." Crane, Cave 111 |
group caving | "It has never been proven scientifically or objectively anywhere by anyone that solo caving is unsafe or contributes to higher accident rates than does group caving." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 21 |
gypsum cave | "Kungur Cave is a gypsum cave located in the Urals near the city of Kungur in Russia on the right bank of the Sylva River." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 109 |
ice cave |
|
in-and-out cave |
|
jungle cave | "Who else had set out to explore remote jungle caves to ascertain whether, as claimed by von Däniken, these extensive passages were made by spacemen from another culture on another planet using lasers and thermal lances?" Frankland, Los Tayos 11 |
karst cave | "During Spring, 1980, a preliminary investigation was conducted into alpha-radiation concentrations in karst caves of the Transvall, South Africa." Gamble, Alpha-Radiation 254 |
lava cave |
|
limestone cave |
|
littoral cave | "In Scotland a small littoral cave (a sea cave formed by wave action) was used as a shelter by St Ninian, the missionary who built the first Christian church in Scotland in 397 CE." Crane, Cave 149 |
main cave |
|
major cave | "...Goldwater, which was found to be a tributary to the Clearwater system and would have been a major cave in its own right in any other karst area." Brook, D., Waltham, A.C. (1979): The Underworld of Mulu, part 2, Caving International Magazine 2, p 6 |
marble cave | "Unique to the Wombeyan marble caves are the symmetrical domes and arches generated by gthe unloading of the massive marble." Ellis, Wombeyan 40 |
maternity cave | "There ar no maternity caves at Wombeyan." Ellis, Wombeyan 124 |
medecinal cave | "Aggtelek National Park in Hungary offers not only recreational cave tours for tourists but also speleotherapy for children with asthma in Beke Cave, which was declared a medicinal cave in 1965." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 98 |
mountain cave |
|
natural cave |
|
network cave | "There is less evidence of old network caves here than in the other group of caves at Wombeyan, however the plan of Fig Tree Cave and some of the features found in its more remote sections suggesrt that these caves were not all formed as streamways." Ellis, Wombeyan 68 |
non-caver |
|
novice cave | "The Lincoln National Forest of New Mexico has established a system that requires two or more cavers per trip to even enter their novice caves." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 21 |
novice caver | "I myself took a party of novice cavers down Rowten during what I thought was settled weather, and after only suffering heavy spray on the main pitch, we had an enjoyable time exploring the rest of the cave." Eyre, Jim (1981): The Cave Explorers, The Stalactite Press, Calgary 59 |
obstruction cave | "Much smaller "obstruction caves" (formed by plastic bridging of the ice past rock obstructions) had been mentioned in the geological and glaciological literature of the post-war years." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 33 |
oracle cave | "Kircher starts this chapter by citing Jacobus Gaffarellus.., who, in his work "Mundo Subterraneo", divided caves into five categories: Divine, human, animal, natural and artificial. In detail, the devine group contains caves where angels have appeared...the catacombs in Rome, oracle caves and caves of fauns, dryads and nymphs, among others." Kempe, Kircher 61 |
original cave | "cave on Gellert Hill....In 1926 the original cave, which consisted of an entrance room and connecting niches, was expanded by Pauline monks to establish a grotto chapel which copied that at Lourdes." Crane, Cave 153 |
pit cave |
|
prisoner's cave | "The Ana-Kio type includes the prisoners' caves tht are natural, usually bigger und converted into living quarters." Ciszewski, Easter Island 35 |
protocave |
|
recreational cave | "It is apparent that in view of the fairly high reading obtained, the fact that many occur in high intensity recreational caves, and the fact that concentrations are likely to be higher at other times of year, further investigation should be undertaken." Gamble, Alpha-radiation 259 |
reference cave | "Some of the latter are regarded as reference caves and access to them is extremely restricted in order to preserve their pristine nature and special contents, such as rare invertebrate fauna and especially delicate speleothems." Ellis, Wombeyan 51 |
rival cave | "The Cheddar Caves in Somerset claim to be the first tourist show caves in Britain, with two then rival caves operating by the mid-nineteenth century: Cox's Cave, known to have been open to visitors in 1837; and Gough's Old Cave which was operating as a show cave by 1869." Crane, Cave 161 |
river cave |
|
rock cave | "This pit seemed to be more of the nature of a gully filled with winter snow, than a true rock cave containg ice." Balch, Glacière 2 |
salpeter cave | "Wilkin's brother-in-law Payton Short owned Short Cave, a nearby saltpeter cave where miners found three American Indian mummies." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 83 |
salt cave | "Salt caves in eastern Europe are also used to promote health." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 98 |
sandstone cave |
|
sea cave |
|
sepulchral cave | "The sepulchral caves of the holy commonly became sites of devotion, which in turn were marked by the construction of a place of worship of some kind, a temple, a church or a mosque." Crane, Cave 148 |
show cave |
|
single-entrance cave | "The caves were monitored to provide...sack, or single-entrance caves, and transit, or multiple-entrance caves." Gamble, Alpha-radiation 257 |
snout cave | "Helm Glacier, B.C.......Only small snout caves were found, but a pond filling the base of a huge moulin some distance up-glacier was intriguing." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 34 |
snow cave | "For a time they navigated routinely by compass in a whiteout that limited visibility to a few metres, but windchill forced them to dig an inadequate snow cave." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 32 |
solo caver | "The fact that the list is so short might indicate that solo caving is insignificant, if it were not for the fact that practically the entire list of solo cavers are people who are respected for their accomplishments in caving and include a number of well-known cave organisation leaders." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 20 |
solo caving | "The myth is that solo caving is dangerous." Wilson, Solo Cave Myth 20 |
solution cave | "Karstic terrain is principally formed in limestone - a sedimentary rock comprised mainly of calcium carbonate - but solution caves also occur in other carbonates, mainly dolomite, in evaporates such as gypsum and halite and, less commonly, in other forms of rock including sandstone and basalt." Crane, Cave 23 |
sport caver | "And then there are the sport cavers who find the setting and the atmosphere attractive." Courbon, PSM 23 |
sport caving | "Glaciospeleology....They also offer exciting sport caving." Halliday, Glaciospeleology 31 |
sporting cave | "It was a memorable expedition with about ten kilometers of sporting cave discovered and with countless moments of fun, of new sensations and of amazement at the splendours and oddities of this superb continent and its fiere rain forest." Frankland, Los Tayos 16 |
stalactite cave | "In New Zealand Dr Arthur Thomson, a military surgeon, collected moa bones from one cave in 1849 and, three years later, from two unidentified stalactite caves near Waitomo." Shaw, cave science 60 |
stream cave |
|
supercave |
|
sweat cave | "Sciacca....The 18th century engraving represents the main sweat cave." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 108 |
thermal cave | "The Romans, on the other hand, were responsible for the creation of the first "thermal caves." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 107 |
top caver |
|
tourist cave |
|
underground cave | "Most local people on the island live either in the underground caves or under roofs where the entrances are so narrow and inconvenient tht I have been seeing men entering them with their legs at the front." Ciszewski, Easter Island 26 |
underwater cave |
|
vertical caving |
|
volcanic rock cave | "Within the family of lava caves or, perhaps more accurately, volcanic rock caves, we find both primary and secondary caves." Kempe, Galapagos 146 |
water cave | "Therefore in water caves and in eishöhlen one finds only rarely dripstone formations, and these mainly of poor appearance." Balch,Glacières 305 |
weekend caver | "This is a view that seem to unify devotees to cave exploration - from committed weekend cavers to the leaders of large-scale international expeditons." Crane, Cave 84 |
wind cave | "The air felt cold, but was nowhere near freezing point; nor was it possible to whether there was a draught: it may or may not be a wind cave." Balch, Glacières 34 |
adjective + cave
active cave | "Shakespeare's Cave...An active and very sporting cave offering some difficulties and a thorough soaking even in summer." Stratford, South Wales 22 |
accessible cave |
|
actual cave | "The fundamental dualisms of surface/depth and light/dark, which delineate actual caves for scientists, are also crucial to the symbolic roles caves have played in the human imagination throughout history." Crane, Caves 10 |
air-filled cave | "Moreover, unlike an explorer of air-filled caves, a cave diver is rarely worried by the nagging suspicion that a torch-bearing prehistoric Indian might have been there before him: the technology for exploring underwater caves is scarcely three decades old." Crane, Cave 89 |
ancient cave | "The Funghi Grotte di Costozza" was founded in 1970 in the ancient caves." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 112 |
apparently static cave | "I donot think the term "static cave" accurate, and prefer the term "apparently static cave" or "cave without distinct draughts."" Balch,Glacières 122 |
archeological cave | "The untrained person who digs an achaeological cave may be compred to the person who removes and destroys the pages of a valuable manuscript." Oldham, Scotland xi |
arid cave | "A cluster of arid caves is at the heart of Jim Crace's Quarantine." Crane, Cave 126 |
artificial cave |
|
attractive cave | "Its primary purpose was to ensure the protection of certain particularly attractive caves of his area and to extend them with a view of tourism." Shaw, cave science 61 |
beautiful cave | "However, I know a multitude of other cavers; photographers who amass pretty slides; aethetes who search for the beautiful cave; others whose only pleasure is to achieve team harmony; still others are drawn by the mysteries of the dark and gloom.." Courbon, PSM 23 |
best caves | "..when a St Kildan visited the mainland he remarked that the pillars and arches of St Mungo's Cathedral in Glasgow formed the best caves he had ever seen." Oldham, Scotland 121 |
best known cave | "The caverns measureless to man' encountered in Coleridge's 'Kubla Khan' are among the best known caves in English literature." Crane, Cave 127 |
big cave |
|
biggest cave | "Tabor coined the term 'supercave' - which he also uses in his adventure novel The Deep Zone (2012) - to name the biggest, deepest caves on earth." Crane, Cave 82 |
blowing cave | "Such hollows are found in all parts of the world and are known usually in English as "blowing caves" or "cold current caves"." Balch,Glacières 111 |
certain cave |
|
choked-up cave | "C.G. Jung...In his memoirs, written over twenty years later, he gives mor detail about the dream and describes a 'choked-up cave' with multiple levels, 'Neolithic tools' on the dusty floor of the upper levels and Ellis, Wombeyan remnants of prehistoric fauna below." Crane, Cave 17 |
circular cave | "At the base of the tunnel we found ourselves on the theshold of an immense, almost circular cave, with a diameter of some fifty meters, rising overhead into a regular vault or dome about twenty-seven meters in height." Balch, Glacières 11 |
cold cave |
|
cold current cave | "This cave may or may not be a glacière; but surely it is not a cold current cave." Balch, Glacières 35 |
complex cave |
|
current cave | "The network caves, and the network sections of the current caves represent a fourth period of cave development." Ellis, Wombeyan 70 |
dangerous cave | "The BSA had discovered the most strenous and potentially dangerous cave in England." Eyre, Cave Explorers 189 |
dank cave |
|
decorated cave |
|
deep cave |
|
deepest cave |
|
demanding cave | "The Cueva de Los Tayos was not, with certain exceptions, an extremely demanding cave." Frankland, Los Tayos 16 |
developed cave | "On the steep slope macro rimstone dams have developed and are the most magnificet basins in the developed caves at Wombeyan." Ellis, Wombeyan 50 |
different caves | "The whole contents of a cave and of different caves were therefore commonly regarded as of similar age and were excavated for specimens without recognizing the need to record their position." Shaw, cave science 226 |
difficult cave | "Ogof-y-Darren Cilau....A very difficult cave with an exceptional long crawl leading to large passages beyond." Stratford, South Wales 28 |
discovered cave |
|
distinct cave | "Cave databases listed caves that were clearly small fragments of a larger relict drainage system as distinct, separate caves." Crane, Cave 38 |
documented cave | "It lists all the named and documented caves located at Wombeyan and includes extensive supplementary information on caves described earlie." Ellis, Wombeyan 167 |
dripping cave | "'Small teams of men entered the dripping cave as the water level was lowered." Eyre, Cave Explorers 192 |
dry cave | "In Rudyard Kipling's Just So Stories (1902) Woman picks out a dry cave as a home fo rMan and herself, where they raise a family and domesticate animals such as the Cat, Dog and Horse." Crane, Cave 144 |
dynamic cave | "Professor Thury of Geneva coined the terms "static cave" and "dynamic cave" which have come largely into use since, and which practically correspond to the German terms eishöhle and windröhre." Balch,Glacières 122 |
enterable cave |
|
entire cave | "Down this slope we descended with but little difficulty, reaching at the bottom an almost level ice floor which spread over the entire cave and was formed throughout of thick, solid ice." Balch, Glacières 3 |
entranceless cave | "Isolated subterranean cavities, or 'vugs', with no opening to the surface are not caves, although they may eventually become caves if the movement of water, or the breakdown of rock, links them to the surface and thus they are sometimes termed 'entranceless caves'." Crane, Cave 9 |
every cave | "Every cave had its own name as it was used formerly as a temporary or permanent living quarter." Ciszewski, Easter Island 35 |
explored cave | "Over a twelve year period which spanned the Second World War, from 1936 to 1947, a team of cavers that included Pierre Chevalier and Fernand Petzl undertook 65 expeditons..in the Dent de Crolles system near Grenoble, which at 658 m became the world's deepest explored cave at the time." Crane, Cave 78 |
extensive cave | "In March 1773 a surveyor named Whalfeldt visited extensive caves near the head of the Urei River in the Kattaun district of Sumatra." Shaw, cave science 59 |
familiar cave | "Neil Armstrong...With his reputation for fearlessness more than established we took him down our now familar cave." Frankland, Los Tayos 16 |
famous cave |
|
few caves |
|
fine cave | "Pant Mawr Pot...A fine cave of large proportions which contains a sizeable stream and some fine formations." Stratford, South Wales 68 |
first cave | "The cave of Corniale...was the first cave in the Karst ot be made accessible for public visits, already in 1633, when its owner, Count Petrazzi, gave it in administration to the community of Corgnale." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 109 |
flooded cave | "The team of divers on the Blue Hole Expedtion had to swim through a toxic layer of hydrogen sulfide to reach the 'living laboratories' of dozens of inland flooded caves and to collect material samples and data which promised to enrich scientists 'understanding of everything form geology and water chemistry to biology...the study of life in the universe." Crane, Cave 88 |
foreign cave | "The planned volume of the catalogue, intended to record foreign caves, never appeared." Shaw, cave science 246 |
fossil cave | "Lubang Angin....Many high-level passages were explored, but the continuation of the old fossil cave was elusive." Brook, Waltham, Mulu part 1, 5 |
genuine cave | "Where these warm hollows are genuine caves it seems proper to call them "hot caves." Balch,Glacières 114 |
gigantic cave | "According to that work gigantic caves collect water underneath the Andes so that the miners have never heard of anything more terrible." Kempe, Kircher 62 |
given cave | "Other names illustrate characteristic features of a given cave: location, shape, size, purpose etc." Ciszewski, Easter Island 25 |
great cave |
|
green cave | "There was ... something she remembered in the relations of those lines cutting across, slicing down, and in the mass of the hedge with its green cave of blues and browns, which had stayed in her mind; which had tied a knot in her mind so that at odds and ends of time, involuntarily, as she walked along the Brompton Road, as she brushed her hair, she found herself painting that picture, passing her eyes over it, and untying the knot in imagination." Woolfe, Lighthouse 243 |
hidden cave | "The hidden caves existed as well." Ciszewski, Easter Island 30 |
high-roofed cave | "In J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, the One Ring was forged in and brought out of the chasm known as the Cracks od Doom in the Chambers of Fire, a long, high-roofed cave in the cone of Mount Doom that was the heart of the wizard Sauron's evil realm." Crane, Cave 136 |
holy cave | "Holy caves may be burial sites, or they may be shelters where a hermit or fakir, anchorite or monk took up residence." Crane, Cave 148 |
horrid cave | "In sixteenth and seventeenth-century literature caves such as 'Those grim and horrid caves', whose lookes affright the day' in Michael Drayton's 'An Ode Written in the Peake' (1606) are often meeting places for rogues and gypsies." Crane, Cave 136 |
hot cave | "Where these warm hollows are genuine caves it seems proper to call them "hot caves." Balch,Glacières 114 |
human cave | "The group of human caves (Humanae Cryptae9 comprises grottos of giants, the Muses or Sy illes, shown in Meditterranean countries, like in Cumae near Naples." Kempe, Kircher 61 |
ideal cave | "Porth-yr-Ogof...Although it is used by many youth organisations and adventure centers it is not really an ideal cave for beginners." Stratford, South Wales 51 |
identical cave | "Almost identical cave have been found on the northern coast in Vai-tara-Kai-ua where the caves are also abundant." Ciszewski, Easter Island 31 |
immense cave |
|
important cave | "It is interesting to note that because of the lack of limestone, the most important caves in som countries are formed in lava or sandstone." Strinati, Caving in Africa 27 |
inaccessible cave | "He wrote books on speleology and developed caving equipment and techniques tht made previously inaccessible caves accessible." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 104 |
individual cave |
|
inhabited cave | "The inhabited caves were situated far from the coast." Ciszewski, Easter Island 30 |
inner cave | "The atmospheric stability of inner caves and the near absence of organic matter mean that to enter a cave is to change it - however lightly one treads." Crane, Cave 20 |
innumerable caves | "They were doing that on the island's surface mainly along the coast as well as in the underground labyrinth of innumerable caves, caverns and grottoes." Ciszewski, Easter Island 51 |
insignificant cave | "Some of the most insignificant caves have the longest histories, whilst one of the longst and most sporting caves - Jeanie Barries' may be dismissed in a few lines." Oldham, Scotland iii |
interesting cave |
|
intricate cave | "A month of work in this area yielded over ten kilometers of intricate cave in the Ukabo Streamway." Montgomery, Atea Expeditions 9 |
irregular cave | "La Perouse...He also came across three irregular caves." Ciszewski, Easter Island 26 |
isolated cave | "Once isolated caves have been transformed into sites of mass worship and pilgrimage and, more recently, tourism." Crane, Cave 151 |
known cave | "There had been a short-lived group in Switzerland as early as the 1860s but its interests had been very local and its activities were evidently limited to visiting known caves." Shaw, cave science 246 |
large cave |
|
larger cave | "The second gully terminated in a somewhat larger cave, whose floor was well below the entrance." Balch, Glacières 35 |
largest cave | "From the Metraux description (1940) we learn that on the wall of the largest cave, tht is 6,5 m long, 4 m wide and 2 m high, there is a depiction of ao." Ciszewski, Easter Island 48 |
lined cave | "Crystal lined caves and vughs are intersected y younger cave passages in Creek, Sigma and New Glass Cave." Ellis, Wombeyan 64 |
little cave | "At the top we entered a little cave about two meters deep, by a sort of portal about two meters wide." Balch, Glacières 6 |
living cave | "Shaw assumes that turning the living caves inot the burial sites took place after 1700 and intensified with the arrival of Catholic missionaries." Ciszewski, Easter Island 44 |
local cave |
|
long cave | "That's not many bats for such a long cave, but in the past the cave was a very large bat hibernaculum." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 52 |
longest cave |
|
low cave | "It is a low cave with its vault covered with over 30 petroglyphs depicting human faces with long ears." Ciszewski, Easter Island 39 |
lower cave |
|
lowest cave | "This was in fact the beginning of an ice wall, the Eiswand or Eismauer, which turning to the right, flowed through a rock arch to the lowest cave." Balch, Glacières 28 |
magical cave | "Wombeyan marle has eroded into numerous magical caves within a special karst landscape." Ellis, Wombeyan 52 |
magnificent cave | "Dobsina..It is a magnificent cave." Balch, Glacières 15 |
many caves |
|
marine-eroded cave | "Again recording the islands as riddled with numerous marine-eroded caves, he concludes that these were only possibly visited by the islanders who ran their small fishing craft just inside the biggest shelter when caught afloat by a storm.." Oldham, Scotland 122 |
marvellous cave | "Verne, Will of an Eccentric....One would generously pay with fatigue to traverse marvellous caves - a walk through the enchanted world of the Arabian Night - even without meeting with demons or gnomes." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities |
metaphoric cave | "When Clarice Starling ventures into the stony labyrinth beneath the serial killer's house in Jonathan Demme's The Silence of the Lambs, she descendss into a metaphoric 'cave'." Crane, Cave 14 |
middle cave | "Camas Malag Cave..The middle cave is basically one large passage, divided in places into upper and lower levels." Oldham, Scotland 22 |
mind-blowing cave | "Hijau Lubang...The latter had a remarkable knack of finden mind-blowing caves." Brook, Waltham, Mulu part 1, S. 5 |
most caves | "Most caves are deep enough tht the amount of motion caused by surface waves will be negligible." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 14 |
named cave | "It lists all the named and documented caves located at Wombeyan and includes extensive supplementary information on caves described earlie." Ellis, Wombeyan 167 |
mystical cave | "According to Arthurian legend, King Arthur was buried on the Isle of Avalon, however, there is also a less well-known legend that claims King Arthur and his knights are resting in a mystical cave where they will remain until the time Britain needs them most." Crane, Cave 104 |
narrow cave | "He could tell from the tight line around her lips that mentally she was somewhere else, a dark, narrow cave that held her in its thrall, shutting him out." Woolfe, Lighthouse |
natural cave |
|
nest-producing cave | "It seems likely that the earliest nest-producing caves included those around Sandakan in North Borneo and at Bau in Sarawak, as well as others in the Sambas-Banjermassin region of Indonesian Borneo." Shaw, cave science 58 |
new cave |
|
numerous caves | "The caves of Da Nang, called Tourane during the French domination of Vietnam...between these marble and limestone formations there are numerous caves that house Buddhist shrines, all now used for worhip." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 102 |
odd cave | "Arbroath Caves..The cliffs rarely exceed 100 feet in height and are cut by numerous grassy valleys, so that the explorer can visit most of the 200 odd caves, even at high tide." Oldham, Scotland 4 |
old cave |
|
older cave |
|
open cave | "There are narrow sheets of volcanic rock formed when debris from an eruption filled a narrow solution slot in the limestone and laminated volcaniclastics formed when volcanic debris was transported and deposited into an open cave." Ellis, Wombeyan 63 |
other caves |
|
painted cave | "With the coach tinkling musically to the sound of empty 'Pils' bottles, wo roamed slowly across the Massif Central with its wilderness of limestone interspersed with delightful green valleys, and visits were made to more prominent caves...the astonishing painted cave of Lascaux where the most extrodinary collection of Quaternary art yet discovered covered the ceiling and the walls." Eyre, Cave Explorers 72 |
paragenetic cave | "Flat ceilings, sitting above sediment remnants are characteristic features of paragenetic caves." Ellis, Wombeyan 67 |
particular cave | "Hovey....He was the first American to deal with caves on a broad scale, as distinct from the many who had written desciptive accounts of particular caves." Shaw, cave science 245 |
pink cave | "Chase's pink cave, which suggests warmth, is a place to be entered, the passage to the fertile womb of mother earth, the mysterious source of all things - and as in Moore's painting, a place of shelter and security." Crane, Cave 118 |
present cave | "These crystal-lined cavities must have formed before the present cave." Ellis, Wombeyan 64 |
primary cave | "Within the family of lava caves or, perhaps more accurately, volcanic rock caves, we find both primary and secondary caves." Kempe, Galapagos 146 |
pristine cave | "After discovering the pristine caves in 1974, Tenen and Tufts kept the location secret for fourteen years." Crane, Cave 178 |
private cave | "Father Englert describes the particular way of hiding one of the private caves." Ciszewski, Easter Island 31 |
quick cave | "If you want a quick cave, there's Diamond Caverns, it's well lit, it's in the cave region." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 112 |
real cave |
|
restricted cave | "Cavers such as Alan and Dave Brook appeared, and underground exploration in Britain suddenly took off as narrow, restricted caves were forced into sometimes astonishing dimensions by the 'mini' men." Eyre, Cave Explorers 262 |
rock-cut cave | "The Elephanta Caves on Gharapuri Island off the coast of Bombay are a collection of rock-cut caves dedicated to Shiva." Crane, Cave 151 |
sacred cave | "The sacred caves of the Greek island of Crete include several used for worship by the ancient Minoans and the Cave of Agia Sophia, which has a small Christian church built inside the cave itself." Crane, Cave 153 |
same cave |
|
seal-haunted cave | "St. Kilda... Another seal-haunted cave beneath Diseval was observed from the cliff tops." Oldham, Scotland 122 |
secondary cave | "Within the family of lava caves or, perhaps more accurately, volcanic rock caves, we find both primary and secondary caves." Kempe, Galapagos 146 |
secret cave |
|
separate caves |
|
several caves |
|
shallow cave |
|
similar cave | "Another similar cave had not got the described tunnel and could have accommodated only one person." Ciszewski, Easter Island 46 |
simple cave | "Ogof Ddwy Sir...A simple cave consisting of a single passage for almost its entire length." Stratford, South Wales 21 |
single cave |
|
small cave |
|
some cave |
|
spacious cave | "In apparent contrast, the spacious cave of the nymph Calypso is a place of intimate pleasure, where Calypso the lustrous goddess tried to hold Odysseus back." Crane, Cave 96 |
specific cave | "Apart from short notices of caves in Renaissance and Baroque books, texts dealing with specific caves are rare." Kempe, Kircher 59 |
spectacular cave |
|
sporting cave |
|
squalid cave | "The first leprosarium on the island was located in a squalid cave where the patients lived in miserable conditions." Ciszewski, Easter Island 45 |
static cave | "Professor Thury of Geneva coined the terms "static cave" and "dynamic cave" which have come largely into use since, and which practically correspond to the German terms eishöhle and windröhre." Balch,Glacières 122 |
strenous cave | "Mossdale Caverns.....The BSA had discovered the most strenous and potentially dangerous cave in England." Eyre, Cave Explorers 189 |
subterraneous cave | "Kircher continues that subterraneous caves are of divers shape, caused either by chance or by Nature: Some are very high, others extensive or of bottomless depth, or have many entrances." Kempe, Kircher 62 |
tectonic cave | "The second grroup contains sea-caves, caves formed by the erosion of water and tectonic caves." Kempe, Galapagos 46 |
temperate cave | "Snakes, however, do not live in Mammoth Cave (or in other temperate caves) because it's too cold for them." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 57 |
tiny cave | "A little further on, we came to a hole or tiny cave among a pile of rocks, where there was a painted sign: Eisgrube." Balch, Glacières 34 |
true cave |
|
unique cave | "Was ist purely a spelelogical urge to own and control a unique cave, or was it a more basic commercial urge?" "Along with members of the British Speleologicla Association and other fledgling caving groups we discover many miles of passages in thix complex cave, narrowly avoid being drowned in a flood." Eyre, Cave Explorers 30 |
unchartered cave | "In Slovenia, Nagel drew remarkably accurate plans of unchartered caves including Postojnska jama and Socerbska jama." Crane, Cave 27 |
unexplored cave | "For karst scientists William B. White, perhaps the greatest contribution American cavers have made to karst hydrology is not discovery per se, but the development and promotion in the second half of the twentieth century, of a 'map-as-you-go' ethic for trips into unexplored caves." Crane, Cave 81 |
unfathomed cave | "The creature I had killed, the strange beast of the unfathomed cave was, or had at one time been, a MAN!!!" O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 185 |
unknown cave |
|
unnamed cave |
|
unroofed cave | "Entrance to Glass Cave, an unroofed cave in the making." Ellis, Wombeyan 62 |
upper cave | "The general color effect of all this upper cave is white, although there is some blue in the ice, and gray and brown in the rocks and shadows." Balch, Glacières 16 |
vaporous cave | "According to a legend, the discovery of the thermal heritage is to be attributed to the mythological Daedalus who, fleeing from Crete after having built the famous labyrinth, stopped near the vaporous caves of Mount Kronio and, recognizing their curative and therepeutic In ...use, arranged the entrance with seats carved in stone." Garberi, Forti, USI IMPROPRI (?) 107 |
various caves |
|
vast cave | "In this vast cave we must have looked more like insects than human beings." McFarlane, Underland 195 |
vertical cave |
|
virtual cave | "These central caves are not the only virtual caves." Kempe, Kircher 61 |
visited cave | "Erosion is present in several of the visited caves." Kempe, Galapagos 151 |
volcanic cave | For those researchers seeking to understand what happens during the formation of volcanic caves and the processes that are responsible for their formation and enlargement, much appears still to belearned." Kempe, Galapagos 144 |
water-filled cave | "Not only are caves off the map of everyday life, the dark depths of caves - especially water-filled caves - extend well beyound the reach of even the most determined explorers." Crane, Cave 12 |
well known cave | "Gut Hole..A well known cave but of little interest to the sporting caver." Stratford, South Wales 75 |
well-ventilated cave | "A well-ventilated cave might let in fallout, and a cave with too little ventilation might be unsafe for large groups of people for long periods of time." O'Connor Olson, Colleen, Mammoth Cave Curiosities 176 |
whole cave |
|
wild cave |
|
yawning cave | "While the Cyclops'cave is both a comfortable abode and a place of cannibal atrocity, the lair of the six-headed monster Scylla is a 'fog-bound cavern', a 'yawning cave', a 'terrifying pit'." Crane, Cave 96 |
Literatur:
Balch, Edwin Swift (Nachdruck 1970): Glacières or freezing caverns, Original 1900
Brook, D., Waltham, A.C. (1978): The Underworld of Mulu, part 1, Caving International Magazine 1
Brook, D., Waltham, A.C. (1979): The Underworld of Mulu, part 2, Caving International Magazine 2
Ciszewski, Andrezej, Ryn, Zdzislaw Jan, Szelerewicz, Mariusz (2009): The Caves of Easter Island Underground World of Rapa Nui, Krakow
Courbon, Paul (1978): Reflections on a solo trip to Pierre Saint-Martin (übersetzt aus Spelunca 1-1972), in: Caving International Magazine 1-1978, p 22f.
Crane, Ralph, Fletcher, Lisa (2015): Cave, Reaction Book, London
Ellis, Ross (editor), Sydney Speleological Society (2004): Caves and Karst of Wombeyan, occasional paper no. 13, Sydney
Engel, Annette Summers (2013): The Caves that Microbes built - the Frontier of Caver and Karst Science, 2013 ICS Proceedings volume 1, 21-25
Eyre, Jim (1981): The Cave Explorers, The Stalactite Press, Calgary
Frankland, Dr. John (1978): The Los Tayos Expedition, Caving International Magazine 1-1978, p 11ff.
Gamble, Frances M., (1981): Alpha-Radiation in Karst Caves of the Transvaal, South Africa, Trans. British Cave Research Assoc. Vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 254-260. Dec.
Garberi, Maria Luisa, Forti, Paolo (ridedizione 2022): USI Impropri (?) La fruiione della cavità nell'iconografia antica e moderna, SSI, Bologna
Halliday, William R. (1979): Glaciospeleology, Caving International Magazine no. 4, 1979, 31-34
Hegedüs, Gyula (2013): 50 years of cave rescue in Hungary, 2013 ICS Proceedings, p 54ff.
Kempe, Stephan, Middleton, Greg, Addison, Aaron, Toulkeridis, Theofilos, Hoese, Geoffrey (2019): New Insights into the Genesis of Pyroducts of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, ACTA CARSOLOGICA 50/1, 143-163, Postojna 2021
Kempe, Stephan, Naumann, Gottfried, Dunsch, Boris (2013): Athanasius Kircher's Chapter XX "About Caves", fractures and the innumerable passages of the earth and the grotto of Antiparos from "Mundes Subterraneus", 1678, translated from Latin, in: 2013 ICS Proceedings, Brno, p 59ff.
Klimchouk, Alexander, Kasjan, Yury (2001): Krubera (-1710 m) The deepest cave in the World, International Caver 2001, p 23ff.
Lewis, Ian D. (1979): The Nullabor Plain - and the World's longest cave dive, Caving International Magazine 3-1979, p 3ff.
MacFarlane, Robert (2019): Underland - a deep time journey, Pinguin
Montgomery, Neil (1979): The Atea Expeditions, Caving International Magazine no. 2 - 1979, p 7ff.
O'Connor Olson, Colleen (2017): Mammoth Cave Curiosities, University Press of Kentucky
Oldham, Tony (1975): The Caves of Scotland, Bristol
Shafak, Elif (2021): The Island of Missing Trees, Viking by Penuin Books
Shaw, Trevor R. (1992): History of Cave Science, second edition, sydney speleological society, Sydney
Stratford, Tim (1982 second edition): Caves of South Wales, Leicester
Striniati, Pierre (1978): Caving in Africa, Caving International Magazine 1-1978, 27
Tom Rea on (1978): Tom Rea on, in: Caving International Magazine 1-1978, 26f.
Wajsbrot, Cécile (übersetzt von Anne Weber) (2021): Nevermore, Wallstein-Verlag, Göttingen
Wilson, John (1978): The Solo Caving Myth, in: Caving International Magazine No. 1
Woolfe, Virginia (1927): To the Lighthouse, London
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